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Caffeine is a naturally occurring purine alkaloid commonly found in coffee, tea, and cocoa, and is widely recognized for its stimulating effects on the central nervous system. Due to its widespread consumption and biological activity, accurate determination of caffeine content is essential in the food, pharmaceutical, and analytical chemistry industries for quality control, product labeling, and monitoring of commercial formulations [1,2]. Therefore, the development of reliable, sensitive, and cost-effective analytical methods for caffeine determination remains an important area of research.
In this study, a voltammetric method for the quantitative determination of caffeine was developed and validated using a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode as the working electrode and 0.1 M acetate buffer solution as the supporting electrolyte. Experimental conditions were optimized in order to enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of the analytical response. The electrochemical behavior of caffeine was investigated using the advantageous properties of BDD electrodes, including a wide potential window, low background current, excellent chemical stability, and high resistance to surface fouling. The developed method demonstrated excellent analytical performance, including good linearity, high sensitivity, satisfactory precision, and reproducibility. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to the determination of caffeine in real samples, yielding accurate and reproducible results.
The obtained findings confirm that voltammetric techniques combined with boron-doped diamond electrode technology provide an efficient, rapid, and economical alternative to conventional analytical methods for routine caffeine analysis in commercial and pharmaceutical products.