Speaker
Description
Environmental contamination by organic pollutants, especially reactive textile dyes, represents a serious and persistent threat to living organisms.1 Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) is a stable anionic dye containing electrophilic vinylsulfone groups, which may contribute to its toxic and mutagenic potential.2 Sorption is widely applied for dye removal from water due to its efficiency, low cost, and simple operation. Ferrites are versatile ferrimagnetic materials whose properties depend on their composition, structure, and synthesis conditions. Among them, spinel ferrites are the most common. Their chemical and thermal stability, easy synthesis, low cost, and diverse magnetic and catalytic properties make ferrites promising materials for sorption and water purification.
The zinc–manganese ferrite carbonate was synthesized by coprecipitation. Bach experiments evaluated the influence of pH, dye concentration, contact time, and sorbent dosage on RB19 removal. Sorption mechanisms were analyzed using kinetic (pseudo-first and pseudo-second order) and isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich and Brouers–Sotolongo) models. Optimal sorption of RB19 was achieved at pH 2 and sorbent dose of 0.25 g/L, yielding a maximal sorption capacity of 1463.1 mg/g. The process is driven by electrostatic interaction between positively charged sorbent sites and the RB19 sulfonic groups, supported by Van der Waals forces. Kinetic and equilibrium studies confirm chemisorption as the dominant mechanism, with Langmuir isotherm fitting indicating a homogeneous sorption surface.